Dr Aniruddha Baral
Principal Investigator
University of Sheffield
Aim
Conventional Portland cement (PC) production is one of the major sources of CO2 emissions originating from its high processing temperature (~1450°C) and calcined limestone (CaCO3 à CaO + CO2↑) used as a calcium source. This project aims to decarbonise cement production by developing the process technologies of an alternative ternesite-rich cement (TC) with a faster hydraulic reactivity compared to PC. TC can be manufactured at 1200°C or lower and contains less calcium than PC requiring less calcination of limestone. This project will further reduce the carbon footprint of ternesite-based cement by using incineration bottom ashes from Energy from Waste (EfW) plants that contain already decarbonised calcium. Moreover, an Al2O3–rich non-metallic waste product from salt-slag recycling will be used as a source of aluminium to further reduce the usage of virgin materials and fostering cross-cutting and circular economy. Along with a conventional sintering method, TC processing technologies will be developed for microwave-based sintering methods, which can further reduce the burning temperature and energy requirements. The hydration reactivity and the flowability of the synthesised TCs will be engineered with additives (gypsum and citric acid) in small quantities (<5%) with a goal to exceed PC reactivity with similar workability. Finally, a life-cycle assessment of the refined process technology and raw-meal compositions will be performed to quantify the CO2 savings compared to PC. This project will aim to foster a synergistic relationship between the EfW, salt-slag recycling, and cement industry helping decarbonise UK’s industrial clusters and promote a circular economy.


